Absorbance is calculated by taking the logarithmic ratio of the transmittance and is unitless. Consequently, one must define what base the logarithmic operation is performed in: “base-e” or base-10”. The former is know as the “natural” or “Naperian” logarithm (ln) while the latter is referred to as decadic logarithm (log). Transmittance is defined as follows:
Transmittance = T = I/I0,
where I and I0 correspond to the incident radiation after and before passing through the sample, respectively. Absorbance is defined as follows:
Absorbance = A = -log10(T)
or
Absorbance = A = -ln(T)
Note that all IRVaporWare Absorbance data was calculated in “base-10” and needs to be multiplied by ln(10) to convert to naperian units.
Conversion between Absorbance to other common units are as follows:
To convert to units of | Multiply IRVaporWare data by |
mole μmole-1 m-1 | 1 |
torr-1 cm-1 | 13.15789 |
atm-1 m-1 | 106 |
cm2 molecule-1 | 4.03328×10-16 |
To convert to units of | Multiply IRVaporWare data by |
mole μmole-1 m-1 | 2.30259 |
torr-1 cm-1 | 30.29716 |
atm-1 m-1 | 2.30259×106 |
cm2 molecule-1 | 9.28697×10-16 |
Some useful physical constants:
Loschmidt number = n0 = 2.6867773×1025 molecules m-3 (1 atm, 273.15 K)
1 atm = 101.325 KPa
Molar gas constant = R = 8.314 472 J mole-1 K-1
Avegadro’s constant = NA = 6.022 1415 x 1023 molecules mole-1